In Thessalian and Boeotian (sub-dialects of Aeolic) and Doric, the Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Greek semi-vowel w ( digamma) was retained at the beginning of a word. PIE * sh₂wél(i)yos → Proto-Greek * hāwélios → Lesbian āélios, Ionic ēélios ~ Attic hēlios "sun".By contrast, Ionic sometimes retains it, and Attic always retains it. Lesbian Aeolic lost initial h- ( psilosis "stripping") from Proto-Indo-European s- or y. PIE * h₁ésmi → Proto-Greek * ehmi → Lesbian-Thessalian emmi ~ Attic/Ionic ēmi (= εἰμί) "I am".PIE VsR or VRs → Attic/Ionic-Doric-Boeotian VVR. In Attic/Ionic, Doric, and Boeotian Aeolic, the h assimilated to the vowel before the consonant cluster, causing the vowel to lengthen by compensatory lengthening. Labiovelars were treated the same way in the P-Celtic languages and the Sabellic languages.Ī Proto-Greek consonant cluster with h (from Indo-European *s) and a sonorant ( r, l, n, m, w, y) changed to a double sonorant ( rr, ll, nn, mm, ww, yy) in Lesbian and Thessalian (sub-dialects of Aeolic) by assimilation. Similarly PIE/PGk * gʷ always became b and PIE * gʷʰ > PGk * kʰʷ always became ph (whereas in other dialects they became alternating b/ d and ph/ th before back/front vowels). PIE * kʷetwores → Lesbian písures, Boeotian péttares ~ Attic téttares, Ionic tésseres, Doric tétores "four".By contrast, PIE * kʷ changed to Attic/ Ionic, Arcadocypriot, and Doric t before e and i.
Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Greek * kʷ changed to Aeolic p everywhere. In Plato's Protagoras, Prodicus labelled the Aeolic dialect of Pittacus of Mytilene as " barbarian" ( barbaros), because of its difference from the Attic literary style: "He didn't know to distinguish the words correctly, being from Lesbos, and having been raised with a barbarian dialect". Aeolic poetry, which is exemplified in the works of Sappho, mostly uses four classical meters known as the Aeolics: Glyconic (the most basic form of Aeolic line), hendecasyllabic verse, Sapphic stanza, and Alcaic stanza (the latter two are respectively named for Sappho and Alcaeus).
The Aeolic dialect shows many archaisms in comparison to the other Ancient Greek dialects ( Arcadocypriot, Attic, Ionic, and Doric varieties), as well as many innovations.Īeolic Greek is widely known as the language of Sappho and of Alcaeus of Mytilene. In linguistics, Aeolic Greek ( / iː ˈ ɒ l ɪ k/), also known as Aeolian ( / iː ˈ oʊ l i ə n/), Lesbian or Lesbic dialect, is the set of dialects of Ancient Greek spoken mainly in Boeotia in Thessaly in the Aegean island of Lesbos and in the Greek colonies of Aeolis in Anatolia and adjoining islands.
0 kommentar(er)
